Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
The ethnopolitical situation in the North Caucasian communities is characterized by instability, which is caused not only by the socio-economic situation in the region, but also by socio-cultural processes. Recently, in the socio-cultural life of the region, the issues of the memory of history have been actualized in connection with the spread of various cultural meanings manifested in cultural memory, aimed at preserving and reproducing the integrity of the sociocultural organism, and historical memory, which is an ideological reflection of social reality, framed by political interests of ethnic entrepreneurs. The aim of the study is to determine which mechanisms of the reproduction of socio-cultural practices, namely, cultural memory and / or historical memory – prevail in the North Caucasian communities. The study revealed the dominance of historical memory as a factor in the dynamics of socio-cultural processes. This results in the formation by each ethno-nation of its “own” historical memory, the use of which leads to an increase of risks for the stability of ethnopolitical situation in the North Caucasus. The conclusion is made about the importance of activating the mechanisms of consolidation in the socio-cultural practice of the North Caucasian communities, and strengthening peace and cooperation between people of different ethnic and religious identity. This can be facilitated by the reorientation of the historical consciousness of the inhabitants of the North Caucasus region from historical to cultural memory.
References
“The Victory Dictation” will be held on April 29 at 16 thousand sites in 80 countries. (2021, April 28). TASS. https://tass.ru/obschestvo/11262387 (In Russian).
Abubakarov, C. (2021a). Tens of thousands of people joined the campaign of “United Russia” and volunteer associations “Let's Protect the Memory of Heroes”. Vesti Respubliki. http://vesti95.ru/2021/02/desyatki-tysyach-lyudej-prisoedinilis-k-aktsii-edinoj-rossii-i-volonterskih-obedinenij-zashhitim-pamyat-geroev/ (In Russian).
Abubakarov, S. V. (2021b). “Young Heroes of the Great Victory” event in the Chechen Republic. Vesti Respubliki. http://vesti95.ru/2021/03/v-chechenskoj-respublike-prohodit-aktsiya-yunye-geroi-velikoj-pobedy/ (In Russian).
Adiev, A. Z. (2020). All-Russian Civic Identity in the Mass Consciousness of the Residents of the Republic of Dagestan (based on the data of a 2019 sociological survey). The Correlation of Confessional, Ethnic, Regional and Civil All-Russian Identities in the Social and Political Environment of the Republic of Bashkortostan: Proceedings of the All-Russian Youth Scientific School-Conference, March 26-28, 2020., 12–19. (In Russian).
Appeal to the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation to celebrate the Baptism of Alania. (2020, July 28). Congress of the Karachay People. http://kkn09.ru/news/580-obraschenie-v-administraciyu-prezidenta-rf-o-prazdnovanii-krescheniya-alanii.html (In Russian).
Assmann, A. (1999). Erinnerungsräume. Formen und Wandlungen des kulturellen Gedächtnisses [Memory spaces. Forms and transformations of cultural memory]. Verlag C.H. Beck. (In German).
Assmann, J. (1988). Kollektives Gedächtnis und kulturelle Identität (Collective memory and cultural identity). In Kultur und Gedächtnis (Culture and memory) (pp. 9–19). Suhrkamp (In German).
Assmann, J. (1992). Das kulturelle Gedächtnis: Schrift, Erinnerung und politische Identität in frühen Hochkulturen (The cultural memory: Writing, memory and political identity in early advanced cultures). Verlag C.H. Beck. (In German). https://doi.org/10.17104/9783406703409
Avksent'ev, V. A., & Gritsenko, G. D. (2018a). Contradiction of Ethnopolitical Trends in the North Caucasus: Expert Evaluations. Humanities of the South of Russia, 7(3), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.23683/2227-8656.2018.3.11 (in russian).
Avksent'ev, V. A., & Gritsenko, G. D. (2018b). Risk Factors and Situations in the Ethnopolitical Sphere of the North Caucasus. Scientific Thought of the Caucasus, 4, 81–91. https://doi.org/10.18522/2072-0181-2018-96-4-81-91 (In Russian).
Avksent’ev, V. A., Gritsenko, G. D., Ivanova, S. Y., & Shulga, M. M. (2020). Risks in the North Caucasus: Potential or Real Escalation of the Ethnopolitical Situation. Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Seriya 4. Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya, 25(3), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.3.10
Avksentyev, V. A., Gritsenko, G. D., Lepilkina, O. I., & Shulga, M. M. (2017). The North Caucasus: an Unstable Stability. Science in the South of Russia, 13(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.23885/2500-0640-2017-13-1-115-125 (In Russian).
Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity. Sage.
Beck, U. (1999). World Risk Society. Polity Press.
Congress of the Karachay People. (2019, April 3). Congress of the Karachay People. https://business.facebook.com/karachay.kongress/posts/2010255625689871/ (In Russian).
Dzarakhova, Z. M.-T. (2015). Women of Ingushetia during the Great Patriotic War. Bulletin of the Ch. E. Akhriyev Ingush Research Institute for the Humanities, 1, 8–11. (In Russian).
Eden, M. (2021, April 12). Ingush schoolchildren took part in the All-Russian Space Dictation. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/ingushskie-shkolniki-prinyali-uchastie-vo-vserossiyskom-kosmicheskom-diktante (In Russian).
Federation of Mountaineering of Russia completes the project “Alexander von Humboldt. The Riches of the Russian Mountains”. (2019, December 11). Russian Geographical Society. https://www.rgo.ru/ru/article/federaciya-alpinizma-rossii-zavershaet-proekt-aleksandr-fon-gumboldt-bogatstvo-rossiyskih (In Russian).
Gugova, M. Kh. (2019). Civil Population of Kabardino-balkaria and Resistance Movement Under the Conditions of German Occupation (1942–1943). KBIHR Bulletin, 3, 72–76. https://doi.org/10.31007/2306-5826-2019-3-42-72-76 (In Russian).
Hutton, P. H. (2003). History as the Art of Memory (V. Yu. Bystrov, Trans.). Vladimir Dal'. (In Russian).
Ivanova, S. Yu., Shulga, M. M., & Ivanov, V. V. (2021). The Conflictogeny of the “Wars of History” in the North Caucasus. Conflictology, 16(2), 94–106. (In Russian).
Khamidova, M. (2019, August 7). “It's time to tell the truth.” Ramzan Kadyrov on the Botlikh events and Imam Shamil. RIA Derbent. https://riaderbent.ru/pora-govorit-pravdu-ramzan-kadyrov-o-botlihskih-sobytiyah-i-imame-shamile.html (In Russian).
Kirsanova, E. G., & Pankratov, S. A. (2016). Reunion of Crimeaand Russia in the Context of Trends and Contradictions of Contemporary Policy-making. Science Journal of VolSU. History. Area Studies. International Relations, 21(6), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2016.6.8 (In Russian).
Kostoeva, M. (2021, April 20). The “Immortal Regiment” began registering participants of the May march. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/bessmertnyy-polk-nachal-registraciyu-uchastnikov-mayskogo-shestviya (In Russian).
Kravchenko, S. (2021). Adler authorities disassociated themselves from the incident with the destruction of the people's memorial. Kavkazskij Uzel*. https://www.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/358685/ (In Russian).
Kreutor, S. N. (2010). Cultural Memory as a Mechanism of Social Practices Reproduction. Sociological Almanac, 1, 97–105. (In Russian).
Krinko, E. F., Medvedev, M. V., & Steglenko, E. V. (2020). The Institutionalization of the Memory of the Great Patriotic War in the Don and the North Caucasus in the 2000s. Scientific Thought of the Caucasus, 1, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.18522/2072-0181-2020-101-1-42-49 (In Russian).
Krivyakina, E. (2021, June 15). Mishustin: We allocate billions, but the Caucasus is still there. Komsomol'skaja pravda. https://www.kp.ru/daily/27291/4429354/ (In Russian).
Kuvaldin, S. (2020). Honoring our history vs. respecting our neighbors. Should the opinion of the Circassians be taken into account when erecting a monument in Adler?. Snob. https://snob.ru/selected/entry/169231 (In Russian).
Larintseva, A., & Chernykh, A. (2018, September 19). Mountains and prejudice: A dispute over an 18th-century battle has led to clashes in Kabardino-Balkaria. Kommersant. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3745753 (In Russian).
Litvinov, N. D., & Zhuravel, V. P. (2018). North Caucasus as a territory of deformation of Russian statehood (based on the materials of the Caucasus agencies). Legal Science: History and Modernity, 9, 47–68. (In Russian).
Lotman, Yu. (2020). Semiosphere. Iskusstvo-SPB. (In Russian).
Lotman, Yu. M. (1992). Memory in cultural studies. In Selected articles (pp. 200–202). Veles. (In Russian).
Luhmann, N. (1993). Risk: A Sociological Theory. Walter de Gruyter.
Luhmann, N. (1994). The concept of risk. THESIS, 5, 135–160. (In Russian).
Meeting with members of the Government Commission on the socio-economic development of the North Caucasus Federal District. (2021, June 15). Russian government. http://government.ru/news/42494/ (In Russian).
Mikhail Mishustin spoke about the development of the North Caucasus at a meeting in Pyatigorsk. News. Channel 1. (2021, June 15). https://www.1tv.ru/news/2021-06-15/408193-o_razvitii_severnogo_kavkaza_govoril_mihail_mishustin_na_soveschanii_v_pyatigorske (In Russian).
Mukhametshina, E. (2018, August 26). Xenophobic sentiments rose sharply in Russia. Vedomosti. https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2018/08/26/779030-v-rossii-ksenofobnie-nastroeniya (In Russian).
National Library of the Chechen Republic The A. Aydamirov National Library of the Chechen Republic hosted the opening of the exhibition “Without Statute of Limitations”. (2021, February 8). The A. A. Aydamirov National Library of the Chechen Republic. A.A. Aidamirov. http://biblioteka-chr.ru/index.php/1903-v-natsionalnoj-biblioteke-chr-im-a-a-ajdamirova-sostoyalos-otkrytie-vystavki-bez-sroka-davnosti (In Russian).
Newsletter. (2019). Federation of Mountain Climbers of Russia. http://humboldt250.tilda.ws (In Russian).
Nora, P. (2005). A World Celebration of Remembrance. Neprikosnovennyj zapas, 2. https://magazines.gorky.media/nz/2005/2/vsemirnoe-torzhestvo-pamyati.html (In Russian).
Nunaeva, A. (2021a, April 9). From April 10 to 12, 2021, the All-Russian action “Dreams of Space” takes place. Vesti Respubliki. http://vesti95.ru/2021/04/s-10-po-12-aprelya-2021-goda-provoditsya-vserossijskaya-aktsiya-mechty-o-kosmose/ (In Russian).
Nunaeva, A. (2021b, April 29). How do I become a member of the “Immortal Regiment” campaign? Vesti Respubliki. http://vesti95.ru/2021/04/kak-stat-uchastnikom-aktsii-bessmertnyj-polk/ (In Russian).
Perevalov, S. (2017, March 25). Passion for Alania. Svobodnyj vzgljad. http://free-view.org/2017/03/25/strasti-po-alanii/ (In Russian).
Presidential Decree No. 480 of 14.10.2017 “On Celebrating the 1100th Anniversary of the Baptism of Alania”. (2017, October 14). President of Russia. http://kremlin.ru/acts/bank/42372 (In Russian).
Ragozina, T. E. (2017a). Cultural memory versus historical memory. Science. Art. Culture, 3, 12–21. (In Russian).
Ragozina, T. E. (2017b). The Problem of Cultural Memory as a Way of Reflection on Social Form. Culture and Civilization (Donetsk), 1, 42–55. (In Russian).
Safranchuk, I. A., & Lukyanov, F. A. (2021). The Modern World Order: Structural Realities and Great Power Rivalries. Polis. Political Studies, 57–76. https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2021.03.05 (In Russian).
Shakirova, E. Y. (2020). Sociocultural Frontier of Modernity: The Result of Axiological Metamorphosis. Vestnik VSU (Voronezh State University). Series: Philosophy., 2, 124–130. (In Russian).
Shirokorad, A. B. (2020, July 30). An era of barbarism and chaos is coming. Independent Military Review. http://nvo.ng.ru/history/2020-07-30/13_1102_monument.html (In Russian).
Short, J. F. (1984). The Social Fabric at Risk: Toward the Social Transformation of Risk Analysis. American Sociological Review, 49(6), 711. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095526
Smith, W. (2021b, February 22). Young soldiers from Ingushetia participated in a flash mob “Let's Protect Veterans”. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/ingushskie-yunarmeycy-prinyali-uchastie-v-fleshmobe-zashchitim-veteranov (In Russian).
Smith, W. (2021c, April 8). Young soldiers from Ingushetia supported the all-Russian “Space Postcard” campaign. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/ingushskie-yunarmeycy-podderzhali-vserossiyskuyu-akciyu-kosmicheskaya-otkrytka (In Russian).
Smith, W. (2021a, February 1). Libraries of the Sunzhensky District took part in the All-Russian campaign “My Childhood - War”. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/biblioteki-sunzhenskogo-rayona-prinyali-uchastie-vo-vserossiyskoy-akcii-moe-detstvo-voyna (In Russian).
Tamov, A. (2018, September 9). “Sacred to traitors.” Why are Caucasians married to Russia? Kavkaz Realii*. https://www.kavkazr.com/a/svyashchenno-dlya-predateley/29479823.html (In Russian).
Tarchokova, A. A. (2019). International Legitimization of Russian Foreign Policy Actions in the Context of the Ukrainian and Syrian Conflicts: the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ Conception. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 1, 207–215. https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.1.18 (In Russian).
Targimov, H. (2021, April 17). In memory of the defenders of Malgobek, 1,000 trees were planted in Ingushetia. “Ingushetia” – online newspaper. https://gazetaingush.ru/news/v-pamyat-o-zashchitnikah-malgobeka-v-ingushetii-vysadili-1-tys-derevev (In Russian).
Tetuev, H. (2021). During the standing in the Caucasus – 1829. Proza.ru. https://proza.ru/2021/05/29/1151 (In Russian).
Timaralieva, A. V. (2015). Contribution of home front workers to the victory in the Great Patriotic War. Bulletin of the Chechen State University, 2, 75–78. (In Russian).
Vladimir Vasilyev outlined his position on the border conflict and the history of Imam Shamil to the FSB. (2019, August 21). Bezformata. https://mahachkala.bezformata.com/listnews/vladimir-vasilev-izlozhil-fsb/77087576/ (In Russian).
Vlasov, A. A. (2020). Crimean Citizens' Rights to Self-Determination: The Prerequisites and Evolution of the “Crimean Spring”. Aspekt Press. (In Russian).
Yanitsky, O. N. (2003a). The Sociology of Risk. LVS Publishers. (In Russian).
Yanitsky, O. N. (2003b). The Sociology of Risk: Key Ideas. The World of Russia. Sociology. Ethnology, 12(1). (In Russian).
Yuferev, S. (2018, October 6). “Caucasian Prokhorovka.” The Battle of Sagopshin. Military Review. https://topwar.ru/147829-srazhenie-u-sagopshina-kavkazskaja-prohorovka.html (In Russian).
Zernayeva, T. (2020, April 22). Malgobek Bastion: The Unconquered Frontier. The Power of the Soviets. https://vlast-sovetov.ru/malgobekskij-bastion-nepokorjonnyj-rubezh/ (In Russian).
* Mass media is recognized as a foreign media outlet performing the functions of a foreign agent and (or) a Russian legal entity performing the functions of a foreign agent in the Russian Federation
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.